Hello 7. Goodbye Vista.

Open Source Software is software developed for the public domain, and includes the source code to the programs.  Unlike proprietary software, there are many contributors to major open source software, and the source code gets peer review.  Major computer manufactures support open source.  IBM is a major proponent of building software systems using open source programs

Reaves Technical Services promotes the use of appropriate Open Source programs when they offer similar or better features than proprietary systems.  Recommended packages:

 IPCOP pc based firewall appliance, intrustion detection system, router.  

 SME pc based fully featured mail server, including virus and spam detection for email.  

 Open Office productivity package similar to Microsoft's Office.  Includes word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation functions. 

 Linux operating system.  Unix based, dozens of distributions and well supported on the internet.  

 Samba, file sharing system that works for Windows clients.  

 Apache, web server software, that provides the hosting service for web pages.

 MySql, database engine.

 PHP, programming language for building web sites.

There are countless others.  

AT&T Email Changes

AT&T has been rolling out changes to their SMTP mail servers for the last year or so for DSL subscribers. These changes may affect your outbound email processing, especially if you have your own domain name. AT&T will block port 25, the standard mail transport port, and expect you to change your Outlook or email server setup to use a different port, and use SSL encryption account verification, and verify specific email accounts assigned to your domain name.

For example, you currently have a domain that you receive mail from, like This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it . Your email at abc-company.com is hosted by a non-AT&T service. Your primary AT&T email account is This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it , even though you do not receive or send email using this sbcglobal account.

Follow these instructions from AT&T to alter your Outlook outbound mail account settings and verify your abc-company.com email accounts. You should not make any changes to the inbound account settings. Add your email account(s) to a list of allowed third party mail accounts that AT&T mail servers will allow for outbound mail. Otherwise, outbound email vial the AT&T mail server will be rejected.

To summarize:

• Change the outbound mail server to smtp.att.yahoo.com
• Choose the outbound server requires authentication.
• Furnish your primary AT&T DSL account username and password. This is the same information used to authenticate your DSL PPPoE account.
• In the advanced settings, change the outbound server port from 25 to 465, and select SSL connections.
• Register your third party domain named email accounts with AT&T.
• Confirm your outbound firewall rules will allow port 465, protocol TCP.

Prerequisites:

• Your AT&T or SBC furnished DSL setup information which includes the primary email account and password to identify you with AT&T.
• List of your domain named email accounts.
• administrative rights to your Outlook account settings.
• administrative rights to your firewall software or hardware or assistance to verify connectivity on port 465
• Microsoft service pack 3 (SP3) for Office installed.

Revised 2008-04-12 12:07:29CST

Simply, DNS is the internet mechanism that provides a specific computer readable address assigned to a specific human readable name. DNS is a distributed database, accessible worldwide, and is a marvel of cooperation. For example, google.com = 64.233.167.99. No matter where in the world you try that, you will get the proper response.

As you might imagine, a proper DNS system is important to your network. Here is a nice overview courtesy of Sprint.

DNS is used on private local area networks as well. A malfunctioning DNS system will cause excessive delays in network operations. While the concepts are easy to grasp, the implementation is sometimes counter-intuitive and not all system administators are comfortable setting up DNS services.  

Why do router and network installations cost so much? I have a quote for $250/hour for labor rates to install routers to connect my second office location.

Proper configuration of network routers is an advanced task. Network engineers have rigorous technical training to deal with the arcane subtleties of networking. They must deal with internet service providers, your networks, connectivity providers, application servers, coordinating all those involved to generate a system that is reliable and correct. They are constructing your business enterprise central nervous system.  A poorly designed unreliable system becomes a liability rather than an asset.

How can I move data between systems? I'm adding a XYZ interface to my business and I need to share data with it from my server.

The simple answer is, "it depends!" As networks are complicated, interface devices are diverse and security is always important, almost every situation calls for a unique application. However, there are some basic guidelines that can be applied. See the Transfers article for more information.  

What system should I buy for an office workstation?

Purchase a name brand system that offers local hardware service. Avoid consumer quality machines that you find in the local retail stores. Those systems are designed for light duty home use, and usually include software and connectivity options you will have no use for in your business. Avoid HOME versions of Microsoft Windows.  If you have a critical older application, it may not operate with newer systems running Vista.  Dell Vostro systems are an example of business class workstations - they do not have useless trial software installed.

What can I do to upgrade or improve my networked systems that doesn't cost a lot?

The best thing to do is make sure all your workstations are adequate. It is not productive for an employee to be constantly waiting on a slow computer, or having trouble seeing a dim or out of focus screen, or putting up with frequent system crashes. You should not have to turn out the lights to read a computer screen, reboot your workstation frequently, or get more than an occasion mystery error message.

Could you be more specific on improving my workstation?

Put 2GB in workstations running XP.  More for Vista.  Memory is inexpensive. If a particular workstation won't handle that much memory it needs to be replaced. Phase out crash-prone out of date desktop systems like Windows 95, 98, ME.

What about my server? It has an older operating system but it works fine.

I don't advocate fixing things that aren't broken, but newer versions of operating systems are much better in terms of security and efficiency. Keep your server's operating systems up to date and secure. Your server needs memory, too. Keep your server's hardware and OS maintenance contracts up to date. Most vendors now will not assist you with problems unless you have a current contract.

I have employees that need to telecommute from home. How can I do that?

If the employee has good Internet connectivity (cable or DSL) then set up private connections to your server via the Internet. You will need a firewall and proper configuration to make the connections secure. Get experienced help as this is not a trivial project.